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The core function of anti-snoring devices is to expand the upper airway space by moving the mandible forward and stabilizing it, thereby preventing airway collapse during sleep and reducing or eliminating snoring and mild to moderate sleep apnea. Step-by-step analysis of the working principle:
1. Physical advancement of the mandible:
- The device usually covers both the upper and lower rows of teeth and, through its connecting rod design, gently and continuously guides the patient's mandible forward and holds it in a preset position.
2. Expansion of the upper airway space:
- When the mandible is advanced, it simultaneously pulls the tongue and soft tissues such as the genioglossus muscle attached to it forward.
- This makes the pharyngeal airway behind the uvula and the oropharyngeal airway behind the tongue more spacious.
3. Prevention of soft tissue collapse:
- During sleep, especially when lying on the back, the muscles in the throat relax, causing the tongue and soft palate to fall backward and block the airway. As air flows through this narrow passage, it vibrates the surrounding tissues, creating snoring. If the airway is completely blocked, it can lead to apnea.
- The mandibular advancement device physically prevents this collapse, keeps the airway open, allowing air to flow smoothly and thus eliminating vibrations (reducing snoring) and preventing blockages (preventing apnea).
Applicable population:
1. Patients with primary snoring (i.e., those who snore but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for sleep apnea).
2. Patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
3. Snorers who need a portable, quiet, and non-invasive treatment option.
In summary, the Anti-Snoring device is a custom-made oral appliance that effectively treats snoring and mild to moderate sleep apnea by advancing and stabilizing the lower jaw to expand the airway and prevent soft tissue collapse during sleep. It is an efficient, non-invasive, and portable alternative to CPAP.